PLA is a bioplastic made from renewable raw materials such as corn or sugarcane. It is commonly used for transparent cups, containers and lids and is often seen as a more sustainable alternative to conventional plastic. PLA certainly has environmental benefits, but there are also some important limitations to keep in mind. In this blog, we explain what PLA is, how it works and whether it can be used under the SUP rules.

What is PLA made from?

PLA stands for Polylactic Acid. This bioplastic is made from natural raw materials such as corn, sugarcane or cassava. Unlike conventional plastic, which is made from petroleum, PLA is produced from renewable plant-based resources.

The final material looks very similar to ordinary plastic. A PLA cup, for example, may look like a regular plastic cup, but the raw materials used to make it come from plants.

What are the advantages of PLA?

One of the main advantages of PLA is that it is made from renewable raw materials such as corn or sugarcane. This makes it less dependent on fossil resources such as petroleum.

PLA is also biodegradable under industrial composting conditions. In specialised composting facilities, it can break down into water and CO₂.

Its practical properties also make PLA popular. The material is transparent and rigid, which makes it suitable for packaging and serving cold drinks, salads and other fresh products.

For these reasons, PLA is widely used in the hospitality industry for products such as cups, containers and lids. It combines a clean appearance with the use of renewable raw materials.

What are the disadvantages of PLA?

Although PLA is often presented as a more sustainable alternative, it is important to understand that it does not simply break down in nature or in a household organic waste bin. PLA requires specific industrial composting conditions to decompose properly. Without those conditions, the material breaks down very slowly.

In addition, many waste processors do not currently collect or process PLA separately. As a result, it often ends up in general waste and is ultimately incinerated. This means that some of its potential environmental benefits may be lost.

Another practical disadvantage is that PLA has limited heat resistance. Its heat resistance is generally lower than that of many conventional plastics, which means it is not suitable for hot drinks or hot food. For example, a PLA cup may soften or deform if it is filled with coffee or soup.

In short, PLA can offer advantages, but businesses should consider both its intended use and what happens to the material after disposal. That makes it easier to make an informed choice.

Can PLA still be used under the SUP Directive?

Yes, PLA is also covered by the SUP rules. This is because it is legally classified as plastic, even though it is made from renewable raw materials. As a result, many of the same rules that apply to conventional plastic also apply to PLA packaging.

Since January 2024, certain single-use plastic food and drink packaging, including PLA products, may not be used for on-site consumption in the Netherlands under the applicable SUP rules. This may include cups and food containers used in hospitality settings.

PLA can still be used for takeaway and delivery in certain situations, but additional rules may apply. Businesses may, for example, need to charge separately for certain single-use packaging and offer a reusable alternative.

Want to know exactly what is and is not allowed? Read more about the SUP rules.

Which products are made from PLA?

PLA is commonly used for various types of disposables that are suitable for cold drinks and food. A good example is cups for soft drinks, juice or smoothies. They are sturdy, transparent and give your drinks a clean, attractive presentation.

PLA is also used for sauce cups and small appetiser containers. These are ideal for smaller portions, for example at drinks receptions, tastings or for takeaway.

Transparent PLA lids are also widely used in combination with sugarcane containers. This keeps the food clearly visible while ensuring the container is neatly closed.

PLA is therefore mainly practical for cold drinks and dishes. Would you like to learn more about this and other materials? Take a look at our materials.

What are the alternatives to PLA?

In addition to PLA, businesses can also choose completely plastic-free materials such as sugarcane, cardboard, palm leaf or wood. These materials are becoming increasingly popular because they can offer a practical alternative to plastic and are often suitable within the requirements of the SUP Directive.

A major advantage is that many of these alternatives can be used for both hot and cold products. This makes them flexible for a wide range of applications, including coffee, meals and snacks.

For example, we offer cups, snack trays and sauce cups made from alternative materials, including fully plastic-free options. This makes it easy to switch to packaging that better suits current legislation and a more conscious brand image.

Frequently asked questions about PLA

Is PLA the same as plastic?

Not exactly. PLA is a bioplastic made from renewable raw materials such as maize or sugarcane. Legally, however, it is still classified as plastic, which means that the same rules may apply.

Can PLA go in organic waste?

Usually not. PLA only breaks down properly under specific industrial composting conditions. In regular organic waste streams or in nature, it does not simply disappear.

What is PLA suitable for?

PLA is ideal for cold drinks and dishes, such as juice, smoothies or salads. It is less suitable for hot drinks or hot food because it has a lower heat resistance than conventional plastic.

Is PLA better than conventional plastic?

Yes and no. PLA is made from renewable raw materials, which can make it attractive from a material perspective. However, its end-of-life processing and waste collection remain important challenges in practice.

Author: Bas de Ruiter