Compostable means that a material can break down completely into compost under the right conditions, such as sufficient heat, moisture and the presence of micro-organisms. This compost can then be used as a valuable soil improver and support plant growth.

This is what makes compostable different from biodegradable. Not every biodegradable product turns into usable compost; in some cases, residues may remain after the material breaks down.

Compostable packaging is becoming increasingly common in the hospitality and foodservice industries. It can play a role in a circular economy, where materials are kept in use for longer and waste streams are reduced.

Want to know which materials are compostable, how the process works and which rules businesses need to take into account? Read on to find out.

What is the difference between compostable and biodegradable?

Biodegradable means that a material can be broken down through natural processes. However, this does not automatically mean that the material turns into something useful. In some cases, residues may remain that offer little or no value to the soil.

Compostable materials, on the other hand, are designed to break down into compost: an organic material that can help improve soil quality.

This process usually takes place in an industrial composting facility, where heat, moisture and oxygen are carefully controlled. As a result, the material can break down much faster than it would under normal environmental conditions.

How does the composting process work?

Composting is a natural process in which micro-organisms break down organic material into water, CO₂ and compost. The process works most effectively when there is enough heat, moisture and oxygen.

There are two main types of composting:

• Home composting: This takes place in a compost bin or compost heap at home. It is mainly suitable for fruit, vegetable and garden waste. Some compostable materials do not break down effectively under these conditions.
• Industrial composting: Professional facilities use higher temperatures and carefully controlled conditions. This makes it possible to break down materials such as certain compostable packaging products.

TakeAware offers products that are suitable for home composting as well as products intended for industrial composting.

Which materials are compostable?

Several materials used for packaging and disposables can be compostable under the right conditions:

• Sugarcane: strong, heat-resistant and suitable for composting.
• Palm leaf: a natural material that can be processed without additional additives.
• PLA (bioplastic): made from plant-based sugars and suitable for industrial composting.
• Cardboard and paper with a bio-based coating: depending on the type of coating used.

At TakeAware, we consciously select many plastic-free materials, including products that comply with EN 13432, the European standard for industrially compostable packaging.

What are the benefits of compostable packaging?

• Potentially less residual waste: where local collection and processing systems accept compostable packaging.
• A circular use of materials: certain products can be processed into compost rather than being disposed of as residual waste.
• Positive brand perception: customers may appreciate businesses that make considered choices when it comes to packaging.

Acceptance of compostable packaging in organic waste streams varies by municipality and waste processor, so always check the local disposal requirements.

Compostable packaging at TakeAware

At TakeAware, you will find a wide range of compostable packaging for different applications in hospitality and foodservice. Examples include:

• Sugarcane products: strong, heat-resistant and suitable for composting.
• Palm leaf plates and bowls: made from natural material.
• PLA cups and lids: plant-based and suitable for industrial composting.

Depending on the product and application, our packaging is selected with current SUP rules and relevant compostability standards such as EN 13432 in mind.

Frequently asked questions about compostable packaging

Can you compost compostable packaging at home?

Not always. Some materials, such as PLA, require industrial composting conditions to break down properly.

How do I know whether a product is compostable?

Check the product information and look for recognised compostability certification. EN 13432 is the European standard used for industrially compostable packaging.

Is compostable packaging always better for the environment?

Not necessarily. The environmental impact depends on factors such as the material, production process, collection system and how the packaging is processed after use.

Can I put compostable packaging in the organic waste bin?

Only if your local waste collector accepts it and the product is suitable for that waste stream. Always check the disposal instructions for the specific product.

Author: Michel de Meer